tuk tuk anotated resources

Annotation by Lauren Benetua

Resources

"Bark Cloth Beater." University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2014. <http://www.penn.museum/collections/object/46494>. URL goes to museum website. Museum cites a book: [Book] Aragon, Lorraine V. 1990. "Barkcloth Production in Central Sulawesi". Vol. 32, No. 1. pp. 33-48. : Page/Fig./Plate: p. 38. More objects in publication can be found here: http://www.penn.museum/collections/bibliography.php?irn=173

"Bark-Cloth Beater New Stone Age Arku Cave, Peñablanca, Cagayan 1255-605 BC." National Museum Collections. National Museum of the Philippines, 10 Feb. 2014. Web. 20 Apr. 2014. <http://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph/nationalmuseumbeta/Collections/Archaeo/Beater.html>.  Excerpt: “It is a stone tool used for the preparation of bark cloth. Early man in Palawan fashioned the beaters from cylindrical stones and used the stone beaters for pounding the bark to loosen the pulp from the fiber. The bark cloth is ready when all the pulp has been stripped off, leaving a network of fibers. The stone tool found in Arku Cave, Penablanca, Cagayan was dated 1255-605 B.C. Another bark-cloth beater was found in Sagung cave in Southern Palawan.”

Cameron, Judith. "Trans-oceanic Transfer of Barkcloth Technology from South China-Southeast Asia to Mesoamerica?" Islands of Inquiry: Colonisation, Seafaring and the Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes. Ed. Geoffrey R. Clark, Foss Leach, and Sue O'Connor. Vol. 29. Canberra, A.C.T.: ANU E, 2008. 203-10. Print. Article .pdf link: http://press.anu.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/ch133.pdf Whole encyclopedia volume 29: http://press.anu.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/whole_book11.pdf

"Cultures of the Southeast Asia - Shows of the Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, and Indonesia." Social Education. Ministry of Education Republic of China (Taiwan), 2012. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <http://english.moe.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=8196&ctNode=506&mp=1>.

Scroll to bottom for image of Sulawesi barkcloth blouse. Caption says it is "woven" from barkcloth fiber--potential translation error?

Evangelista, Alfredo E. "Philippines." Asian Perspectives 6 (1962): n. pag. University of Manoa. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. <https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10125/16694/AP-v6n1-2-regional-reports.pdf?sequence=1>.

Scroll down to .pdf page 49 or journal page 46. Short write up about archaeological findings in the Philippines.

Kennedy, Raymond. "Bark-cloth in Indonesia." The Journal of the Polynesian Society 43.172 (1934): 229-43. The Polynesian Society. Web. 20 Apr. 2014. <http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document/Volume_43_1934/Volume_43,_No._172/Bark-cloth_in_Indonesia,_by_Raymond_Kennedy,_p_229-243/p1>.

20th century publication; be wary of archaic anthropological practices/language

Kroeber, Alfred L. "Peoples of the Philippines." Google Books. American Museum of National History, n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2014.

Published 1919 by UC Anthropology Professor. Another early 20th century source to be wary of using outdated methods/language.

"The Spirit of Thunder Mountain: The Krone Philippine Collection." Textiles. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2014.

Part of a greater exhibition titled "The Spirit of the Thunder Mountain: The Krone Philippine Collection," which was branded as "Peoples Of the Philippines" during a 1995 Cal State East Bay exhibition at the C.E. Smith Museum of Anthropology. Find the overall index here: http://class.csueastbay.edu/anthropologymuseum/virtmus/Philippines/Overall/Index.htm

Bark Shirt_Philippine Collection at Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology

Description:
Bark shirt;  tapa, stitched across with black and red cotton cord; sleeveless. Length: 17.25 inches
Philippines

Object Number

10-1261


address: < http://pahma.berkeley.edu/delphi/results/?rawkwds=philippines  >

Bark Painting Collection_Phoebe Hearst Museum

Collection of Bark Paintings showing mythology and anthropomorphic images and patterns of Dreamtime on Bark from the Ahmen indigenous peoples of Australia.

Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology, Univ of California, Berkeley

collection address: < http://pahma.berkeley.edu/delphi/results/?rawkwds=%22bark+painting%22  >

Museum main page: < http://hearstmuseum.berkeley.edu/  >

Urban Anito_this post needs development

Excellent source, though use caution to verify information.

Urban Anito

Reconstructing Filipino Indigenous Spirituality for the Urban Filipino Diaspora

This wiki is a collection of theory and practice on following the Anito tradition for those who do not reside in the islands now commonly known as the Philippines, but whose ancestry originates from this Southeast Asian archipelago in the Pacific Ocean. This is not a scholarly work, but the author's personal attempt at creating a spiritual path, cobbled together through various online and literary sources, as well as firsthand experience that can be taken in the form of personal revelation or Unverified Personal Gnosis (UPG). Another term that could describe the focus of this wiki is "reconstructionist-derived".

Table of Contents

Worldview & Value System
Cosmology

Deities
Nature Spirits
Ancestor Worship

Communal Celebration
Art & Poetry
Baybayin

References

 

Bicol Epic Ibalon_This post needs development

1.  Summary of Ibalon Epic?  This is a forum post to the question, What is the summary of the Ibalon?  ans:  Some words aren't the best word to describe some characters and happening but this is the simplest words that you may easily to understand.

Ibalon was about the adventure of Baltog (the hero of the epic). Baltog was the son of King Handiong. He was the first man who arrived in Bicol after the huge flood. He arrived in Bicol in the cause of finding a place to live that he and his people may live. King Handiong was the king of Samar.

In Bicol Baltog encounter a Flying Crocodile and a Giant Boar. He killed the two and continues his journey. He then encounters a snake with a head of a lady who lived in the mountain of Asok. He can't convince the snake to surrender so his father helped him. They just didn't convince the snake to surrender but it also helped them to defeat their enemies.

When the Bicol was ready, Baltog sent his people there. His father and its people immigrate there also. Baltog and King Handiong teach their people on how to live there properly and industries. Everybody lived happily and properly because of the teachings of King Handiong and Balto, and the good relationship between the rulers and its people.

The Epic of Ibalog was sung by an adventurer named Kadugnong. He was praised because of his skill in storytelling. He has gone in different places in Bicol and he told them the mysterious beginning of Bicol and the adventure of King Handiong and Baltog. 


address: < http://www.senore.com/Summary-of-ibalon-epic-q116468  >


2. Wiki Answer for question, What is the summary of the epic Ibalon?  
address: < http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_summary_of_the_epic_of_Ibalon  >
ans: kito
mag-aral ka naman! di yung nakawiki ka ng nakawiki! xD try mo tumambay sa library!
it is about the king who protect his kingdom to monsters
IBALON
EPIC FROM BICOL

A long time ago, there was a rich land called Ibalong. The hero Baltog, who came from Botavora of the brave clan of Lipod, came to this land when many monsters were still roaming in its very dark forests. He decided to stay and was the first to cultivate its field and to plant them with gabi.
Then one night, a monstrous, wild boar known as Tandayag saw these field and destroyed the crops. Upon knowing this, Baltog decided to look for this boar with all his courage and patiend. At last, as soon as he saw it, he fearlessly wrestled with it, with all his might. Baltog was unafraid. He was strong and brave. Though the Tandayag had very long fangs, he was able to pin down the monstrous, wild boar and break apart its very big jawbones. With this, Tandayag fell and died.
After this fight, Baltog went to his house in Tondol, carrying the Tandaya'g broken bones. Then he hung it on a talisay tree in front of his house. Upon learning of the victory of their Chief Baltog, the people prepared a feast and celebrated. The very big jawbones of the dead boar became an attraction for everyone. Thus, came the tribes of Panikwason and Asog to marvel it.

The second hero who came to the land of Ibalong was Handyong. Together with his men, he had to fight thousands of battles, and face many dangers to defeat the monster. As warriors, they first fought the one-eyed monster with the tree necks in the land of Ponong. For ten months, they fought without rest. And they never stopped fighting until all these monsters were killed.
Handyong and his men made their next attack against the giant flying sharks called Triburon which had hardly flesh and sawlike teeth that could crush rocks. They continued fighting until the defeat of the last Triburon.
They tamed the wild carabaos. They even drove away the giant and very fierce Sarimao which had very sharp fingernails. And using their spears and arrows, they killed all the crocodiles which were as big as boats. With all these killings, the rivers and swamps of Ibalong turned red with blood. It was at this time that the savage monkeys became frightened and hid themselves.
Among the enemies of Handyong and his men, the serpent Oryol was the hardes to kill. Having a beautiful voice, Oryaol could change its image to deceive its enemies. To capture it, Handyong tried different ways. But Oryol escaped every one of it and disappeared.
So alone and unafraid, Handyong decide to look for Oryol in the heart of the forest. He followed the beautiful voice and was almost enchanted by it in his pursuit. Days and nights passed until Oryol came to admire Handyong's bravery and gallantry. Then the serpent helped the hero to conquer monsters, thus restoring peace to the entire Ibalong.
In one the areas of Ibalong called Ligmanan, Handyong built a town. Under his leadership and his laws, slaves and masters were treated equally. The people planted rice and because of their high regard of him they named this rice after him. He built the first boat to ride the waves of Ibalong's seas. Through his good example, his people became inspired and came up with their own inventions. There was Kimantong who made the plow, harrow and other farming tools. Hablom who invented the first loom for weaving abaca clothes, Dinahongm an Agta, who created the stove, cooking pot, earthen jar and other kitchen utensils, and Sural who brilliantly thought of syllabary and started to write on a marble rock. This was a golden period in Ibalong.
Then suddenly, there cmae a big flood caused by Unos, with terrifying earthquakes. The volcanoes of Hantik, Kulasi and Isarog erupted. Rivers changed their direction and the seas waves rolled high. Destruction was everywhere. Soon, the earth parted, mountains sank, a lake was formed, and many towns in Ibalong were ruined.
Then appeared the giant Rabot, half-man and half-beast, with awesome and terrifying powers.
People were asking who will fight against Rabot. So Bantong, the third hero was called. He was a good 


friend of Handyong. He was ordered to kill the new monster on Ibalong. To do this, he took with him a thousand warriors to attack Rabot's den. But using his wisdom against Rabot, he did not attack the giant right away. He first observed Rabot's ways. Looking around the giant's den, he discovered that there were many rocks surrounding it, and these were the people who were turned into rocks by Rabot.
Bantong also learned that Rabot loved to sleep during the day and stayed awake at night. So, he waited. When Rabot was already sleeping very soundly, Bantong came hear him. He cut the giant into two with his very sharp bolo and without any struggle, Rabot died. So Ibalong was at peace once more.

3.  An interesting short telling of the Ibalon Epic done in Children's story format.  Includes illustrations, link: http://www.slideshare.net/johnvincentjose75/ibalon

Hinilawod_this post needs development

1. Hinilawod, wikipedia address: < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinilawod  >

Oral Traditions_List of Resources

1. Philippine Epic Poetry, Wikipedia.  Good general starting point for searches-
address < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_epic_poetry >

2. Philippine Folk-Tales by Carla Kern Bayliss, Berton L. Maxfield and W.H. Millington.  Etext containing four article that appeared in the Journal of American Folk-Lore, all related to folklore in the Philippines.
a. PH Folk-tales, b. Visayan Folk-Tales, c. Tagalog Folk-Tales, d. Bagobo Folk-Tales

Source: Full text Archives, a collection of "books, poems, drama..."  Use caution stories seem christianized.  Unknown accuracy.  Be sure to verify versions told.  < http://www.fulltextarchive.com/page/Philippine-Folk-Tales3/#p57  >

3.  Rocket Kappre -fantastic filipino fiction, link http://www.rocketkapre.com/the-myth-list/
excerpt:

~ Being an Incomplete Compendium of Magical Myths, Legends and Old Tales from the Philippines ~

Note: This is a list I’ve generated as a companion to–and aid for–the Alternative Alamat anthology (which closes for submissions on 30 August 2010). It does not claim to be a comprehensive list, nor is it aimed at distinguishing between folk tales, legends, fables, myths, epics, romances or what not–I’m going to collectively refer to these as Myths and Legends, for the sake of simplicity.